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Exam Essentials 6.0 -- (640-507) CCNA 2.0
Bridging and Switching- Section A
Which distacne vector characteristic helps speed up convergence? Route Poisoning, not Poison Reverse. and Triggered Updates
Which of the following technologies is used by the Cisco Catalytst switches to resolve topology loops?
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
The Cisco Catalyst switch also uses IEEE 802.1d to resolve topology loops.
You are a networkl administrator at a Cisco console. You need to interpret the output form the 'show spantree1' command. Identify the line which indicates your Virtual LAN1 (VLAN1) is functional.
port Ethernet 0/1 of VLAN1 is forwarding
OSI Reference Model-Section B
Three types of flow control methods:
1)Windowing
2)Congestion Avoidance
3)Buffering
Identify four Network layer functions and characteristics.
1) The Network layer provides path selection for internetwork communications.
2) The Network layer uses a two-part addressing scheme.
3) The Network layer establishes network addresses.
4) The Network layer maintains routing tables.
This question is best solved using the process of elimination:
-The LLC of the Data Link layer provides media independence.
-The Physical layer provides access to LAN media.
-Broadcasts are blocked by the Network layer.
| OSI 7 layer Model | Encapulation | Department of Defense Model | ||
| Application | Data | Process/Application | File, print, database services | FTP, Telnet |
| Presentation | Data | Process/Application | Data encryption, compression | |
| Session | Data | Process/Application | Dialogue Control, not Flow Control | SQL, NFS, Netbios names |
| Transport | Segment | Host to Host | End-to-end connection, Flow Control | UDP(connectionless), TCP |
| Network | Packet | Internet | Routing | OSPF, IP(reponsible for making routing decisions) |
| Datalink | Frame | Network Access | Framing | |
| Physical | Bits | Network Access | Physical topology |
Data Link--Transmits data and handles error noticication, network topology and flow control. Don't confuse this with the duties of the Session layer.
Data Link- determines protocol access to the physical medium.
Transport--Segments and reassembles data into a data stream.
Network--(1)Manages device addressing, (2)tracks the location of devices on the network and (3)determines the best way to move data (4) maintains routing tables (5) Uses a two-part addressing scheme.
In peer-to-peer communication, each layer communicates with its
corresponding layer in another system.
Network Protocols--Section C
ip route 154.4.55.0 255.255.255.0 195.23.55.1 85
This tells the router that to get to network 154.4.55.0 it needs to use IP address 195.23.55.1 which is the closet neighbor interface.
1) So, the 154.4.55.0 is the destination network.
2) 195.23.55.1 is the source network (next hop), source and next hop are the same here
3) 85 is the administrative distance.
| There are 5 classes of addresses available for use on the Internet - ABCDE however, Class E ip address is used for testing and its not used on the internet. | |
| Class D ip address is used for broadcasts. | |
| SPX/IPX-- SPX is connection-oriented, IPX is connectionless | |
| TCP/IP---TCP is connection-oriented, IP is connectionless | |
| notice in both cases the I's (IP, IPX) are connectionless UDP is also connectionless | |
TCP and UDP utilize which of the following port numbers to set up sessions with other hosts?
1024 and above
TCP and UDP both provide destination and source port numbers and they both use checksums.
To set up a secondary address ----- ip address 197.97.13.13 255.255.255.0 secondary
syntax= ip address [ip address] [subnet mask] secondary, even when setting up a secondary address for a particular interface.
example: for e0 = 197.97.13.13 255.255.255.0 secondary
When figuring broadcast addresses remember to take into consideration the Class of the Address. For example your answer may be something like
255.255.63.255 if you have a class B address.
ipx maximum-paths contains a hyphen!!!
The host portion of an IP address is used to identify a multicast not a broadcast as follows:
Binary: 10101100.00010000.11111111.1111111
Decimal: 172.16.255.255
Identify the classful routing protocols: RIP and IGRP
routers use ip addresses to make forwarding decisions, bridges don't use mac addresses to make forwarding decisions.
|
Which command displays all IPX routing table updates sent and received? |
| debug ipx routing activity
|
| If you have a 22-bit subnet mask, calculate the number of subnet hosts you would have. |
| 4,194, 302 subnets, 2 hosts |
| A 22-bit subnet mask would have to be 255.255.252.0
1111 1111 . 1111 1111 . 1111 1100 . 0000 0000 This answer seems to have forgotten or let out the fact that you have 10 zeroes. |
| 2 to the 10th would give 1024-2 hosts= 1022host |
Routing Wan Protocols- Exam D
| These 3 steps are necessary for configuring PPP in the correct order- | Real world examples: |
| 1) Set the hostname of the router. | Configuring PPP |
| 2) Set the username and password for the remote connecting router. | router#config t |
| 3) Choose the authentication type (CHAP or PAP) | router(config)#int s0 |
| router(config-if)#encapsulation ppp | |
| router(config-if)#^Z | |
| router# | |
| Configuring PPP Authentication | |
| router#config t | |
| router(config)#username fred | |
| router(config)#password cisco |
PPP provides router to router and router to network over sychronous connections.
PPP provides router to router and router to network over asyschronous connections.
To enable IPX routering and SAP: ipx routing
Two methods in which IPX can support multiple logical networks on a single interface: Network Number, Encapsulation Type
|
ISDN Series and appropriate definition | |
| E-Series | Telephone networks and ISDN |
| I-Series | ISDN Concepts, Interfaces |
| Q-Series | Switching and Signaling |