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TRANSIT
- for accurate measurements of bearing or elevation.
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WYE LEVEL
- used is establishing profiles & contours of the land.
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SURVEYORS COMPASS - mounted on a tripod or Jacob's staff
& used for quick measurements of
a bearing or elevation.
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PRISMATIC COMPASS - a hand-held
instrument that enables the user to read the bearing on the compass dial
through a right angle prism while simultaneously viewing the object
being sighted.
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SEXTANT
- for measuring the vertical angle between the horizon and celestial objects.
Necessary for calculating latitude and longitude.
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ARTIFICIAL
HORIZON - device to enable observation of the altitude of objects when
the true horizon is not visible.
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REFLECTING CIRCLE - for sighting three objects (e.g. celestial) and measuring two
angular separations simultaneously.
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ODOMETER
- attached to the wheel of a cart of wagon for easy measurements of long distances.
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ANEROID BAROMETER - for measuring significant differences in elevation.
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CHRONOMETER
- an extremely accurate timepiece required for accurate measurements with a sextant.
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GUNTERS CHAIN
- 66' chain used for measuring short distances.
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LEVELING RODS - Used in combination with
the sighting instrument to obtain topographical measurements.
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CHAINING PINS
- for marking the point where the chain ends when measuring distances which exceed the
length of the chain.
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DRAWING INSTRUMENTS - Used by cartographers to convert survey notes &
sketches into a finished map.
